Heat-regulator



T. 0. PERRY.

HEAT REGULATOR.' APPLICATION FILED ocT. 31. 191s.

1,378,556. l Patented May 17,1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

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1,378,556. l Patented May 17, 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

circo smrss PATENT VVCFFECE.

THOMAS O. PERRY, 0F OAK PARK, ILLINOIS.

HEAT-REGULATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

y Y Application filed October 31, 1918. Serial No. 260,542.

To @ZZ whom t may concern Be it known that I, 'lrioiras O. PERRY, acitizen of the United States, residing at @ak Park, in the county ofCook and State ot Illinois, have invented a new and useful'l-leat-Regulatonot which the following is a therincstatic valvesthrough which aress'urefluid may pass to and troni the motor withoutnecessarily affecting the Atherrnostatic action of the sensitive elementeither by the temperature orby the rpressure oit the pressuretluid;second, to provide operative connection between the inclosedtlierinostatic valves andthe thermostatic sensitive element locatedexteriorly which shall be as free as possible 'trom klirictionalinterference and practically proof against leakage of pres sure fluid;third, to provide a convenient, sirnple and effective arrangement ot theinlet and* outlet thermostatic valves and fourth to provide an improvedniethod ot' connection between the vdanipers ot a heater and the niotorwhereby both may be closed, but

one must be closed to occasion the opening ot the other.

l attain these objects by the rnechanisrn illustrated in theaccompanying drawing, in which Y Figure l is a lull size verticalsection of the thermostat including` the sensitive 'therinostaticelement, the inclosing valve chain ber and 'the inclosed inlet andoutlet valves and their connections; Fig. 2, a plan of the inlet valveand lever; Fig. 3, a plan oit. the outlet valve. and lever; Fig. fl, aplan of the auxiliary valve lever; Fig. equalizing valve yoke; G, asectional elevation ot the chainber hase showing` the i'lulcruins whichsupport the valve levers; Fig.` 7, aV plan or" the 'chamber base; Fig.8, an elevation ot the whole heating apparatus on a reduced scale; 9, avertical section Vci the duid pressure receptacle and connections; Fig.10, an enlarged view of the lower A y ot the `tulcrurn from the valve.5, aplan .of theA end ol the damper lever and end of dainper roddetached; and Fig. il, an enlarged sectional elevation of one of thedamper clips showing how the damper rod is secured to the damper.

Similar numerals refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

The thermostat shown in F ig. 1 is an in1- provement on that shown on U.S. Patent No. 726,985 issued to myself May 5, 1903. The sensitiveelement 1, is cylindrical tube preferably inade' of hard rubber whosechanges in length are supposed to be etected either by direct heatradiation or by changes in' atmospheric temperature of the localitywhere it is placed, and is here shown externally attached to the coverot the valve chamber 2, by screw threads. The valve chamber base 3,screws into the cover 2, and :tornis therewith an inclosure for theliuid pressure valves land 5 which terminate the ends ot valve levers 6and 'l whose fulcruins .8' and V.9 project f. upward from the valvechamber base as shown in Figs. 6 and 7. The ulcrurns all have notches 10and 11 opening upward to receive the valve trunnions 12-and 13. rlhevalves l and 5 are lapted to cover nozzles lll and 15 opening upward inproximity to each other and attached kto the ,chamber `base throughwhich they communicate with the pressure fluid inlet pipe lo, andpressure fluid outlet 17. A valve spring 18 reacts betweenv the twosuperpcsed valve Ylevers 6 and 7 tending to close one and open theother. The spring presses clown against the head or". the cage` shoulder21, on .the inletr nozzle 14 which prevents direct Acontact between thetwo levers due to the tension of the spring. An inlet link 22, dependsfrom the inlet lever by pivotal connection on the opposite side Anoutlet link 23 depends from the outletlever by pivotal connection on thesame side of the i'ulcrum as the corresponding valve. The lower end otthe outlet link has pivotal conf nection with one end of an auxiliarylever 24, whose other end is ulcrumed in open notches on the auxiliaryfulcrurn posts 25, which project upttroin the chamber base 3. Anauxiliary link 26 depends by pivotal connection from an intermediatepoint on the auxiliary lever located on the opposite side of the centralaxis of the valve chamber trom the inlet link 22. rl`he lower ends otlinks 22 and 26 Supljoqt by Pivotal con* ot opposite upper and lowerflexible disks` or diaphragms, 29 and 30 which form portions ot theupper and lower walls ot the closed valve chamber. The peripheries ofthese flexible disks are clamped to their respective walls by upper andlower threaded clamping` nuts, 3l and 32. The centers of the flexibledisks are clamped between washers, 33 and 34, shouldered against the tierod, and upper and lower tie nuts, 35 and 36, which screw on to oppositereduced ends of the tie rod. These tie nuts have eXtensions whichloosely protrude into and are guided by central openings in theclamping` nuts. A reduced portion of the upper clamping nut screws intoand supports the sensitive element, 1, above the closed valve chamber.rl`he upper end or" the sensitive element has a cap 37, screwed into itwhich supports an adjusting nut 38, having* a shoulder resting` upon theupper surface of the cap and a reduced cylindrical neck protiuiding`loosely into the cap and which is threaded to receive the reducedthreaued end of a thrust rod 39. A flanged thrust collar 40 is pinned tothe thrust rod a short distance below the adjusting nut and is heldagainst axial rotation by ,cuide rods which extend downward trom the cap3? and opposite peripheral notches in the flange ot the thrust cellar.helical thrust sprinp; 42.l is compressed between 'the collar 'flangeand the cap which partially incl the The lower end oit the thr st rodloosely enters a soc et in the top ci? the upper tie nut snr` is adaptedto 1ist the hottom oft the socket. A pointer 43, protruding; irom theadjusting; nut above the cap facilities pagina' adjustments. Vents 44,near the lower end of the tubular sensitive clement serve for detectionot accidental leal e ot pressure fluid into the interior oic the tube.

The open notched 'ulcrums are adapted to resist displacement of thelever trunnions downward, but not upward. This is a matter otconvenience in assembling the various parts, enabling` the valve leversand other connected levers and links to be let in or lifted out when allare connected together. The valve lever trunnions naturally rest in thenotches by gravitational action and are also thrust downward when thethermostatic tube contracts. Vhen the tube expands, the thrust rod 39withdraws somewhat irom the socket in the tie nut 35 allowing the valve4 to close by gravitation. The weight ot both valve levers 6 and 7 actsto close the valve 4 by reason of the spring 1S holding the valve 5 openwhenever` the downward thrust ot the rod 39 is relaxed. The spring 42prevents lost motion by holding the adjusting nut 38 against the cap 37and can yield to prevent injury if the contraction of the thermal tubeshould chance to become excessive in very cold weather when not innormal use.

rllhe motor pipe 45, furnishes tree pas- :Eor pressure fluid between theclosed valve chamber and the diaphragm motor 46, ot ordinaryconstruction, which receives tluid pressure in lthis case toy force thediaphragm downward lifting at the same time the counterweipght 4.7,which reacts against the under side ot the diaphragm to dischargepressure fluid when the outlet valve 5, opens. The motor lever 48, whichcarries the counterweight at one end, is tulcrumed between lugs 49projecting downward from the periphery of the motor casing` and at theother end suspends a damper link 50, which terminates below in anelongated loop 51, which engages and is free to slide on a button 52,attached to the side of a lateral 53, projecting` from the side of adamper yoke 54, at a point intermediate between its ends. The upper endof the damper yoke is detachablv connected to the end ot a damper rod55, clamped to the check damper 56, which in this case is the feed doorof an ordinary coal heater 57, by clamps 58. An enlarged sectional viewot one oit the clamps is shown in Fig. l1. In the saine way the lowerend of the damper yoke is connected with the end of a damper rod`59clamped to the draift 60 damper, here shown in `the form of a door. Anenlarged view of' the lower end of the damper yoke and the detachableend of the damper rod are shown in Fig". l0. The damper rods terminatein knobs 61 which hook loosely into elongated eyes 62, enlarged above sothat the rods may be unhooked by slightly liftingr them by hand. A smallweight 63, on the lateral arm 53, helps to keep the button 52 pressedagainst the lower end oi the loop The damper yoke is held up against thedamper rods, thus lifting both dampcrs, or doors, enough to unlatchthem, by a. long supporting; clevis G4 which pivotally yconnects at itslower end with the lateral arm 53 close to its attachment lwith theyoke. An inclined wire link 65 suspended from the ceiling; or otherconvenient support holds up the clevis and, by reason ot itsinclination, tends to hold both dempers closed by elastic pressure.

' the bottle rests.

The damper yoke 54 and lateral army 53 together constitute the damperlever and, as a whole, is rotated by the motor through a small angularmovement in either direction about either pivotal connection with thedampers. When the draft door "closes, the adjacent pivotal connectionacts as a fulcrum about which the lever turns while opening the feeddoor; and likewise, after the feed door closes,- the upper pivotedconnection acts as a fulcrum for opening the lower door. Thus, onedamper must close before a fixed fulcrum is established on which thelever can act for opening the other damper. @ne of the dampers should beself-closing either through gravitationalk action or by other means. Itis'not essential that both dampers yshall tend to close independently ofthermostatic influence.

The pressure fluid whichA enters the valve chamber through the inletpipe 16, may be either a gas, as compressed air, or a liquid derivedfrom any convenient source of supply. As illustrated, water is used as asource of fluid pressure and is contained in an inverted glass bottle 66placed at some distan-ce above the thermostat and .diaphragm motor inany convenient location. Thein` verted neck of the water bottle is shownprojecting into a funnel 67, on whose open rim Suspension rods 68 haveflanges at their upper ends secured toa ceiling, or to a board 69attached to a ceiling, and at their lower ends screw into ears onopposite sides of the funnel.V The funnel terminates below in a reducedneck which receives loosely the neck of the inverted water'bottle andhas screwed into it a nipple 70 of sufficient size to inclose a strainer71 having a flange at its upper end which rests on the upper end of thenipple.-' A feed pipe 72 leads from the nipple downward and communicateswith the inlet pipe 16 which supplies huid pressureto the closed valvechamber 2 whenever the inlet valve 4 opens. The pipe 73 forms aconvenient connection for suspension of the diaphragm motor buti's-closed against the passage of pressure fluid. The words Hot and Coldare supposed to be marked on a wall at some distance from the adjustingnut of the vthermostat as guides for setting the pointer 43.v The outletpipe 17 may lead to any place where waste water lcan. be discharged, orthe escaping water may be caught in a small dish set on the floorbeneath the outlet, and emptied as required.

The installation illustrated in Fig, 8 represents the vpreferredarrangement where the fuel burned in the heater is coal of the softervarieties having a large percentage of volatile matter1 and theoperation is as follows: What I have called'the check damper in thiscase is also vthe feedv door for fuel which with the draft door belowthe grate ythe valve spring 1 8.

are together called the check and draft dampers and are the only onescontrolled by the thermostat. VThe sensitive element 1, isprcferably'located near the base of the smoke flue .74, where it willmost quickly respond to atmospheric changes of temperaelement, actingthrough the thrust rotL and various connecting links and levers opensthe inlet valve 4, after the outlet valve 5 i has been securely closed,letting pressure fluid act on the diaphragm motor as re-` quired toclose the check'damper, or feed,`

door. Further action of the motor in the same direction opens the draftdamper, though this draft damper does not necessarily open and may beheld closed or allowed to open but slightly, as desired. Thisdisposition of the dampers favors quick acceleration of combustion,accompanied with considerable flame, which in a very few minutesgenerally causes the sensitive element to expand, allowing the inletvalve 4 to first close against admission of pressure fluid, and letting'the outlet valve 5 subsequentlv open through the action of After thesereverse movements `of the fluid pressurevalves occur, the counterweight47 acts to discharge pressure fluid from the motor and open the checkdamper, after first closing the draft damper, if the latter hasIpreviously opened. lf the closing of the draft damper, previously open,sufliciently checks the fire,

.the checking action ofthe countcrweight may be arrested without thesubsequent opening of the check damper, as frequently happens aftervolatile matter in the fuel has been consumed.

The quick checking of the fire after fresh fuel has burst into flamemakes it unneces-k sary to open the check damper more than is requiredfor supplying sufficient air above the fuel for proper combustion of theVvolatile matter. The amount of check opening needed must be determinedby heater characteristics and individual experience.

rlhe relationship between the long and short arms of the equalizing yoke27,- the auxiliary lever 24, and the valve levers 6 and 7 is suchthatthe tie post 28 moves but slightly in effecting a very considerableopeningor closing of the valves 4 and 5` The consequent slight flexingof the diaphragme 29 and 3G theretore offers very little resistance toactuation by the sensi tive element through the thrust rod 39. The upperdiaphragm eltectually prevents pressure fluid coming in contact with thesensitive element, which otherwise might he influenced adversely hypressure iiuid temperature. rllhe lower diaphragm receives l'iuidpressure which counterhalances pressure against the upper diaphragm,which would otherwise either hinder or augment the proper action of thesensitive element. If the upper diaphragm alone were connected with thetie post, the opening of the inlet and outlet valves el and 5 would bearrested and retarded by fluid pressure variation immediately afteradmission or discharge commenced. lf, however, the functions of thevalves d and 5 were reversed, as they might be, with correspondingchanges made in the damper con ections with the motor, the openingofthese fluid pressure valves would be abruptly hastened after opening wasinitiated by the sensitive ele* ment. Such retardations andaccelerations oi. valve openingmight be useful in some installations ofspecial character, and, when both diaphragme connect with the tie rod,different degrees ot retardation or acceleration of valve movement couldbe realized hy the simple expedient of making,` one diaphragm smaller orlarger than'the other. We have shown both diaphragme of equal size, asrequired for most sensitive action ot the thermostat.

1f the pressure fluid valve 5 is made the inlet, and valve l is made theoutlet, the interacting valve sprino` 18 could be dispensed with, as, inthat case, the fluid pressure could open the valve 5 without theassistance of a spring,v or counterweight. ln any case,

the fire is checked when the valve 5 opens,

and it the functions or" these valves are reversed, there would hefailure to check the lire if the supply of pressure fluid should become:rhausted from neglect or any cause. Making valve Il the inlet, asspecilled, insures checking of the lire whether fluid pressure always ismaintained or not, and is therefore preferred.

lWhen the tension of the thrust rod is relaxed hy expansion ot thesensitive element, the valve spring not only opens the lower valve butcauses the weight of the lower valve lever to assist that of the uppervalve lever in holding the upper valve tightly closed, and may stillmore tightly close the upper valve if the tension of the spring morethan suiiices to litt the lower valve against the closing effect offluid pressure. Excessive tension of the valve springwould necessitateincreased pressure of the thrust rod to close the lower valve, hut,nevertheless, the closing of the lower valve would occasion the openingot the upper valve vithout appreciative change of interval be-y tweenthe closing or one valve and the consequent opening,- of the other,because the excess of thrust on the equalizing yoke, actingthrough theinlet linlr 22, counteracts with corresponding increase of torce to openthe upper valve. For this reason the tension of the interacting valvespring does not need to be so nicely adjusted as would be the case ifthe lower valve was opened by a spring which did not react to close theupper valve. Variations in the tension of the interacting spring, asarranged, can only affect the setting ot the adjusting nut 38 to givethe thrust rod more or less tension additional to changes in thrust dueto changes in temperature.

As shown, the thermostatl is affected partly by temperature of theatmosphere around the sensitive element, and partly by direct heatradiation. lf the thermostat is located farther away from the heater,direct radiation will have less eliect, and weather conditions will haverelatively greater influence. rl`hereiore, it' the heater is used Jorwarming; the rooms of a building, the ther-l mostat should be locatedfarther from the heater than l have shown it, especially if the fuelused is devoid ot' volatile matter. The location near the heater is bestfor effective control of the hre and economical consumption. ot coal,whether soft or hard.

l claim:

1. ln a heat regulator, the combination with a motor whose actuationsarethermostatically controlled, of two self-closing draft and checkdampers, a damper yoke extending between said dampers having pivotalconnection at either end with each damper and operative connectionbetween said motor and said damper volte for impartingangular movementsto said yoke about either pivotal damper connection, whereby eitherdamper may be opened while the other damper remains closed and neitherdamper can open betere the other damper closes through actuation of themotor, substantially as herein set Jrorth.

2. ln a heat regulator, the combination with a heater having aregulating damper and a fluid pressure motor adapted to actuate saiedamper, of a sensitive element whose expansion and contraction is causedpartly by changes in atmospheric temperature, a closed valve chamberthrough which fluid pressure is admitted to and released from saidmotor, said chamber having opposite flexible walls, inlet and outletfluidv pressure valves inclosed within said chamber, operative interiorconnections between both of said flexible walls and said valves wherebyfluid pressures against the two walls neutralize each other and meanswhereby said walls are flexed by expansion t i `expansion andcontraction is causer and contraction of said sensitivek element throughconnection from'without said cham ber, substantially as herein setforth.

in a heat regulator, the combination with a heater having a regulating"l and a fluid pressure motor adapted actuate said damper, of asensitive elemenf Those by changes in temperature, a closed valvechainbei through which fluid' preset ad mitted to and released from saidnio-tor, iiilet and outlet fluid pressure valves inclesed within saidchamber, an interposed valve spring whose tension directly interacts tohold one of said valves closed while it opens the other and meanswhereby the-tension of said sensitive element is divided proportionatelybetween simultaneous efforts to close one and open theV other of saidvalves,

substantially as herein set forth. y

L ln a heat regulator, the combination with a heater having a regulatingdamper and a fluidl'pressure motor adapted to actuate said damper, of avalve chamber through which fiuid pressure is admitted to and releasedfrom said motor, said chamber having opposite flexible walls, a tie postconnecting said flexible walls. inlet and outet valves for said pressurefluid within said chamber operatively connected with said tie post, asensitive element outside of said chamber whose expansion andcontraction is caused by changes of temperature and means whereby saidexternal. sensitive element actuates said inclosed valves, substantiallyas herein set forth. c

5. ln a heat regulator, the combination with a heater having aregulating damper and a fluid pressure motor for operating said damper,of a valve chamber through which fluid pressure is admitted to andreleased from said motor, said chamber having opposite flexible walls,an openv duct leading from said chamber to said motor, an inlet valveinclosed within said chamber to admit pressure fluid to said motor, anoutlet valve also inclosed within said chamber through which pressurefluid may be allowed to escape from said motor, a tie post operativelyconnected with said'flexible walls and with said valves, a sensitiveelement outside of said chamberl whose expansion and contraction iscaused by changes in temperature and means whereby said externalsensitive element actuates said inclosed valves, substantially as hereinset forth.

6. ln a heat regulator, `the combination lwith a heaterhaving aregulating damper and releasing pressure fluid to and from said motor,actuating connections between f fluid pressure nozzles parallelingeachother and both opening in like directionl within said chamber, inlet andoutlet valves for closing and opening said nozzles, an inlet leverfulcrumed between extremities carrying the inlet valve at one end,aninlet actuating link connecting with the otherend of the inlet lever,an outlet lever fulcrumed at one end and carrying the outlet valve atthe other end, an outlet actuating link connecting with said inlet leverbetween extremities, van auxiliary outlet lever fulcrumed at one end andconnecting at the other end with said outlet link, an auxiliary linkconnecting with said auxiliary lever between extremities, a yoke whoseopposite ends connect respectively with said auxiliary link and withsaid inlet actuating link, a sensitive element whose expansion andcontraction is partly caused by changes in atmospheric temperature andmeans whereby the expansion and contraction of said sensitive elementopens and closes said valves through connection with said yoke at apoint intermediate between its ends, substantially as herein set forth.

8. ln a heat regulator, the combination with a motor whose actuationsare thermostatically controlled, of a draft damper and a check dampersuperposed one over the other, a damper yoke pivotally connected witheach of said dampers, pivotal support for said yoke which permitslateral displacement, an inclined link by which said pivotal support issuspended from above tending to hold both of said dampers closed andoperative connection between said motor and said damper yoke forimparting to the yoke angular movements about either damper connectionas a pivot, whereby either damper may be opened by motor actuation onlywhile the other damper remains closed, substantially as herein setforth.

9. In a heat regulator, the combination `with' a motor whose actuationsare thermostatically controlled, of a draft damper and a check dampersuperposed one over the other, a damper yoke pivotally connected witheaeh of said dempers, pivotal support for said yoke which permits oflateral displacement, an inclined linlr by which said pivotal support isSuspended from above tending to hold both of said dampers closed, alateral arm projecting` from the side of said yoke and operativeConnection between said arm and seid motor for imparting' ansgularmovements to said yoke about either damper connection as a pivot7whereby motor aetuetions may cause either damper to open only after theother damper has been closed, Substantially as herein set forth.

l0. ln a heet regulator', the Combination with a motor whose aetuationsare thermostatically controlled, of two dampers one of which isself-closing, a damper yoke extending between said dampers with pivotalConnection at either end with each damper, a lateral arm extending fromthe Side of seid yoke and operative connection between said erm and saidmotor, whereby angular movement imparted by said motor to said yokeabout either pivotal Connection may open or close the other damper,substan- 25 tially as herein set forth.

THOMAS O. PERRY.

